June 29, 2020

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【水果知識】以為菠蘿去到台灣只是改過個名？

⭐️台灣是鳳梨勝地鳳梨品種改良得越來越好
⭐️下次逛街市看看你會不會分辨
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菠蘿鳳梨不一樣？
夏天除了吃西瓜，也是吃菠蘿的日子，菠蘿在夏天當造，從中醫角度來看它有清暑解渴、消食止瀉的功效，酸酸甜甜的味道亦正好打救炎夏帶來的食慾不振症狀。這種頭頂有棵草、果皮帶釘的水果，不少人認為口語叫「菠蘿」，書面語或台灣叫法為「鳳梨」，原來菠蘿和鳳梨是不同品種的啊！鳳梨是菠蘿在不同地域、氣候種植而產生的另一個品種，從三方面可以看到它們的分別：
葉子：菠蘿頭頂的葉子帶有鋸齒；鳳梨葉子邊緣光滑沒有鋸齒。
表皮：菠蘿表皮呈黃色；鳳梨表皮黃中帶綠。
刺根：俗稱「釘」，菠蘿的刺根比較深，需要切除才可食用；鳳梨刺根不明顯，去皮即可食用。
雖然品種有別，但在中醫角度來看功效一樣，如果進食太多肉類和肥甘厚味食物，吃菠蘿有助消滯、助消化及利尿。有人誤會菠蘿「濕熱」，其實菠蘿性平，但個別人士會對菠蘿中的「菠蘿朊酶」敏感，吃後皮膚容易發紅、痕癢，稱之為「菠蘿病/鳳梨病」，建議食用前將果肉浸泡鹽水30分鐘，破壞「菠蘿朊酶」，減低引致敏感的可能。

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Difference between pineapple and Feng Li
Besides watermelon, pineapples are also best enjoyed during summer. From Chinese medicine perspective, pineapples can clear summer heat and quench thirst, aid digestion and relieve diarrhea. Its sweet and sour tastes are also the remedy for appetite loss caused by the summer heat. Pineapples, which carry thick waxy leaves on top and spiky skin around the body, are sometimes recognised as “Bo Luo” in Mandarin/Cantonese, and also known as “Feng Li” in Taiwan or in writing. But as a matter of fact, “Feng Li and “Bo Luo (pineapple)” are two different varieties! “Feng Li” actually refers to a different variety that was cultivated in a different geographical area and climate. We should be able to differentiate them from three aspects:
The leaves: leaves on top of the pineapple have spiky edges. The leaves on “Feng Li” have smooth edges.
The skin: skin of pineapple appears to be yellow. The skin of “Feng Li” is yellow with a tint of green.
The eyes: Also known as the nails, pineapple has more pronounced eyes (remnants of the flower parts) so they need to be removed before consuming; the eyes of “Feng Li” are not as prominent, thus the fruit can be eaten once the skin is removed.

Despite different varieties, as far as Chinese medicine is concerned, both share the same medicinal properties. Eating pineapples will help relieve indigestion and promote diuresis. Some may have the misconception that pineapples cause damp heat in the body, but the truth is they are mild in nature. However, individuals who are sensitive to the bromelain in the pineapples might develop rash and itch on their skin, a condition known as the “pineapple allergy”. It is advised to soak the skinned pineapple fruit in saltwater for 30 minutes to eliminate bromelain. This will decrease the chance of an allergic reaction.

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